Aves, Pesca e Ciências da Vida Selvagem
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Comparative Analysis of Maternity Denning Behavior, Daily Activity Patterns, and Behavior in Captive and Wild Sloth Bears: A Comprehensive Mini-Review

Surisetti Ravi Babu*

This mini-review consolidates recent studies on the daily activity patterns and behavior of captive sloth bears (Melursus ursinus) and compares them with wild behavior, with a specific focus on maternity denning behavior. The aim is to understand the behavior of captive sloth bears to facilitate effective management and welfare in zoos and conservation projects. The review highlights observed daily activity patterns, including distinct morning and afternoon peaks and a period of reduced activity during mid-day. Seasonal variations in specific activities are noted, while overall activity levels remain consistent throughout the year. Captive sloth bears demonstrate the absence of stereotypic behaviors, particularly in larger enclosures. Comparisons with wild sloth bears reveal similarities in activity patterns and mid-day lulls, reflecting their inherent tendencies. The findings emphasize the importance of adequate space and environmental enrichment for captive sloth bears. The implications of these findings for management and conservation are discussed, with a call for further research on wild sloth bear behavior to support effective conser vation efforts.