Sistema Reprodutivo e Distúrbios Sexuais: Pesquisa Atual
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Determinants of Low Birth Weight in Rural Areas of North West in Iran: 2013-2017 (A Case-Control Study)

Alireza Zemestani, Hosein Rafiemanesh, Seyed Rasoul Hashemi Aghdam, Avaz Safarzadeh, Sanaz Chapar, Hamid Safarpour

Background: Low Birth Weight (LBW) is one of the main causes of death in children and is an important factor related to the growth and development of children. LBW is associated with causes but some of the risk factors may be due to the country or geographical region. Aim of this study was conducted to investigate the risk factors associated with LBW in the villages of Oskou country, northwest of Iran.

Methods: This study is a population-based case-control study and all the cases of LBW, that have occurred during the five years 2013-2017 in all villages of Oskou country, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. Controls were selevted based on systematic random sampling in that same village and year. Chi-square and fisher's exact test analyzed and then a univariate and multivariate logistic regression model was used to investigate possible factors.

Results: In this study 242 cases and 242 control groups were analyzed. Base on multivariate logistic regression important risk factors were LBW history (OR=25.87), mothers who used natural methods of contraception (OR=29.54), twin's birth (OR=24.04) and gestational age less than 37 weeks (OR=3.89).

Conclusion: According to the result of the present study the most important risk factors of LBW are as follows: Contraception method using, having a history of previous LBW newborn, twin's birth, gestational age, fathers’ occupation, mothers’ education, maternal weight, maternal weight gain during pregnancy and number of caring during pregnancy.