Endocrinologia e Síndrome Metabólica
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Abstrato

Effect of Obesity on Albino Rat Kidney

Waleed S. Mohamed and Ahamed S. Ashour

Background and study aim: Obesity and concomitant co-morbidities have emerged as public health problems of the first order. Obese individuals have an increased risk for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). The aim of this study is to study the metabolic and early renal histopathologic changes that are associated with obesity in experimental animals. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on sixty adult male albino rats; thirty with body weight ranging between 180-200 gm (control) beside thirty rates with body weight more than 250 gm. Control animals were fed a standard rat chow while obese rats were fed a semisynthetic diet enriched in sucrose. After 4 weeks, blood samples were collected to assess: Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), Serum Insulin (SI), serum Total Lipid (TL), serum Triglyceride (TG), Total Cholesterol (TC), serum High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) and serum Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL). Kidney tissue samples were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin, Anti-Collagen IV antibody then examined by light and electron Microscope. Results: There was a significant increased Body Weight (BW) and kidneys weight of obese group. There was a significant increased of FBS (p 0.0001), SI (p 0.0001), TL (p 0.0001), TC (p 0.0001), TG (p 0.0001), and LDL (p 0.0043) with significant decreased of HDL (p 0.0133) in obese group. Serum creatinine was significantly increased in obese group with a significant positive correlation between it and BW, FBS, SI, and TG. Histological examination revealed moderately expanded Bowman’s capsule, wide renal tubules, a positive reaction for collagen IV, increased thickness of glomerular basement membrane, foot processes fusion and many vacuolation in the cells lining of proximal convoluted tubules of obese rats kidneys. Conclusions: Obesity is associated with many metabolic abnormalities like insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, dyslipidemia, morphological and structural renal changes which may proceed to Glomerulosclrosis (GS) and CKD.