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Fecal Microbiota Transplant for the Treatment of Metastatic Mesothelioma: A Case Report

Hazan Sabine*

Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM) is a highly aggressive and almost universally fatal neoplasm with limited treatment options. The role of the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) pathway has garnered attention due to its role in eliciting the immune checkpoint response of T cells, resulting in evasion of tumor cells from immune surveillance and chemotherapy resistance. Although, PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors have achieved success in various malignancies, resistance is common. Recently, the role of the gut microbiome in immunomodulation and response to cancer treatment has been recognized. We report a 70-year old female with stage 4 MPM who experienced restoration of therapeutic efficacy and prolonged survival with FMT and pembrolizumab despite prior antibiotic treatment, which is known to attenuate response.