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Impact of Using Hormonal Progestogen-only as Contraceptive Treatment on Plasma Lipids

Nagah AA Mohamed, Mohammed Amanullah, Mariam A Ibrahim and Elhassan A Mohamed

The current mode of progestogen-only contraception is progestogen-only pills, sub dermal implant implanon, injectable, hormones-releasing intrauterine system. All progestogen-only method work by a local effect on cervical mucus (making it hostile to ascending sperm) and on the endometrium (making it thin and atrophic), thereby preventing implantation and sperm transport. It has been reported that serum total cholesterol is significantly higher among oral contraceptive users as compared to non-user. This study aims to assess the plasma lipid profile in Sudanese women using progesterone only as hormonal contraceptives by different routes of administration. A descriptive, case control study was conducted in Khartoum state, Sudan. One hundred and eighty premenopausal women using progestogen-only as contraceptive treatment, were divided equally into three groups according to the method they used oral, injectable or sub dermal implant were enrolled in this study as case, in addition to sixty healthy women not using contraceptives as control group. 2.5 ml of fasting venous blood was collected from each participant for estimation of triglycerol, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol using ELISA. The results indicated that the levels of plasma total Cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoprotein increased whereas HDL-c level decreased by using hormonal contraceptives and this increase was directly proportional to the duration of using hormonal contraceptives.