Jornal de Hepatologia e Distúrbios Gastrointestinais
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New Guidelines for the Management of Eosinophilic Oesophagitis

Roxana Elena Mirică

Objective: Eosinophilic oesophagitis is an immunologically mediated chronic disease of the oesophagus, characterized clinically by symptoms related to oesophageal dysfunction, and histologically by predominantly eosinophilic inflammation. The role of allergens is very important in triggering this condition. The oesophagus is an immunologically active organ, capable of recruiting eosinophils in response to various stimuli. Methods: Eosinophilic oesophagitis has been reported in several countries outsideAfrica, with an increased incidence in men between 20 and 30 years old and people living in urban areas. This disorder is associated with other conditions, the most important being gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Results: From a paraclinical point of view, patients have a peripheral eosinophilia, and diagnostic certainty is realized by performing upper endoscopy with biopsy. The recommended treatment has 3 stages, namely diet, drug therapy (such as fluticasone propionate, budesonide and proton-pump inhibitors) and investigations such as upper endoscopy. Conclusion: The article aims to highlight recent recommendations in international guidelines for the management of eosinophilic oesophagitis, as well as to review its clinical manifestations, genetics, immunopathogenesis diagnosis and treatment. Keywords: Eosinophilic oesophagitis; Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD); Peripheral eosinophilia; Upper endoscopy with biopsy; International guidelines