Jornal de Oftalmologia Clínica e Experimental
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Ocular Biometric Factors and its Association with Intraocular Pressure

Pragati Garg, Mohit Gupta, Luxmi Singh, Ritika Mullick and Bharti Nigam

Aim: To study the role of ocular biometric factors like, central corneal thickness, corneal curvature, anterior chamber depth and axial length and to evaluate its association with intraocular pressure.
Materials and method: The study was done at a tertiary care hospital in North India. A detailed history from all the patients was elicited and complete ocular examination like visual acuity, slit lamp examination, tonometry, fundus examination, visual field evaluation, keratometry, gonioscopy, central corneal thickness, A-scan for axial length was performed.
Observation and results: A total of 800 subjects falling in sampling frame were enrolled in the study. Central corneal thickness was <540 μm in 85%, 540-600 μm in 14.3% and >600 μm in 0.7% cases. Axial length ranged from 20.1 to 33.9 with a mean of 23.02 ± 1.27 units. Anterior chamber depth was normal in 94.7%, deep in 2.2% and shallow in 3.1% cases. IOP of patients ranged from 10.1 to 37.5 mmHg. Maximum number of cases had IOP in 16-20 mmHg range (44.1%) followed by those having IOP in 12-16 mmHg range (40.1%), 20-24 mmHg range (11.4%), >24 mmHg (3.8%) and <12 mmHg (0.6%) respectively. The correlation between CCT and IOP was found to be weak positive and significant. A weak, random and negative non-significant correlation between axial length and IOP was observed. IOP was minimum among those with deep anterior chamber depth (2.9%) and maximum among those with shallow anterior chamber depth (40%). Statistically, this difference was significant (p<0.001). In a multivariate model where IOP (>16 mmHg) was projected as a dependent variable with central corneal thickness, axial length and anterior chamber depth as independent variables, only anterior chamber depth showed a significant association with the outcome IOP
Conclusion: A significant association was found between IOP and CCT and anterior chamber depth, while we did not find a significant association between IOP and axial length.