Revista de Psicologia e Psicoterapia
Acesso livre

Abstrato

The Need for Developing a Fourth Level of Awareness in Human Consciousness: Unconsciousness, Preconsciousness, Consciousness and Postconsciousness

Hashim Talib Hashim*, Mustafa Ahmed Ramadhan

Background: Consciousness is the state of being aware of any object or something within oneself, such as thoughts, feelings, memories, or sensations. The three levels of awareness in human consciousness which are divided by Freud: the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious. Each of these levels interferes and overlaps with Freud’s ideas of the id, ego, and superego. The consciousness includes all the things we are aware of, such as the things we know about ourselves and our surroundings. The preconsciousness consists of things we can pay conscious attention to if we are much desired in ourselves, and it is where many memories are stored for easy retrieval when needed. And the last one is the unconsciousness that includes all the things that are outside of our conscious awareness, including many memories, thoughts, and impulses that we are not aware of. When someone do something wrong, his conscious tell him the truth and he is starting to blame himself, but to avoiding this confliction the brain will create an imaginary picture of needing to do the wrong thing but it will never occur again to overcome the conflicts inside the brain.

Methodology: Our study which is cross sectional study conducted as an interview survey for one month, involved 167 participants from many countries who are almost students or from higher educational level (We used convenient sampling procedure in collecting them). We used self - structured questionnaire which was tested for validity and Reliability by presented the questions to three psychiatrists in Baghdad Medical college and Dhi Qar Medical College in Iraq after we have reviewed the literature related to this topic of consciousness, then we tested it for reliability with Pearson correlation coefficient (R=0.00). We found that these questions are the most describable for the consciousness level that we are looking for and studying. All the participants were well informed about the purpose of our study and what we are testing for before we gained their consent. The data was collected and analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Science Program (SPSS) version 24.0 and we used student T test in testing the significant between variables.

Aim: To determine the need for the presence of a fourth level of consciousness in human mind that explain the feelings that are not considered under the other three levels.

Results: The mean of age is 21.4491 with standard deviation of 3.43907 40.1% of them are male (67) and 59.3% are females (99), only 0.6% prefer not to say. 62% feel that they need to do this work and they will not do it again, but 38% do not feel that, while 59.9% follow their feelings to do the wrong thing and convince themselves not to do it again but 40.1% do not. There is a significant difference between people who feel guilty on a work and the people who feel that they need to do the wrong thing and they will never do it again (P - Value=0.009). There is a significant difference too between people who feel that they need to do the wrong thing because they need it and the people who follow that feeling (P - Value=0). There are not significant differences between age or gender and other variables.

Conclusion: The feeling of the need to do any work and it will not occur again is not under the control of the three levels of consciousness described by Sigmoid Freud, so the need to develop a new level of consciousness which I called it (Postconsciousness) is necessary to explain these feelings in human psychology, as we found that 62% of the sample feel that they need to do this work and they will not do it again and only 59.9% follow their feelings to do the wrong thing and convince themselves not to do it again. In addition to that, we found a significant difference between people who feel guilty on a work and the people who feel that they need to do the wrong thing and they will never do it again and there is a significant difference too between people who feel that they need to do the wrong thing because they need it and the people who follow that feeling as well.