Jornal de Hematologia e Doenças Tromboembólicas
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Significance of Anti-Neutrophil Antibody in Chronic Benign Neutropenia in Chinese Children

Hani Nabeel Mufti*, Amaranathan Anandhi, Antonio M. Quispe, Takuya Iwamoto

Chronic Benign Neutropenia (CBN) and Autoimmune Neutropenia (AIN) are difficult to differentiate given their indistinguishable characteristics and challenges of anti-neutrophil antibody detection. We aim to investigate whether the presence of anti-neutrophil antibody affects the disease course of AIN and evaluate different methods in antineutrophil antibody detection. Chinese children with chronic neutropenia were recruited into the study between 2016 and 2018. A combination of in-house methods and a commercial kit were used for the detection of antibodies. Anti-neutrophil antibody was detected in 30.8% of patients and presence was associated with more severe neutropenia, higher likelihood of infection and slower and later recovery compared to those without antibodies. We conclude that the presence of anti-neutrophil antibody was useful in predicting the clinical course of patients with AIN. The use of combined testing methods increased the detection rate.